Wednesday, July 31, 2019

My First Jump – A short Story

The wind was painful against my face, the skin being pulled back from my face, skull emobossed against it. My instructors (Jake and Ryan) were falling with me, to keep me â€Å"safe.† Jake tapped my shoulder, the signal that I should pull my chute. I grabbed the rip cord, and pulled it with all the force I could†¦this was a mistake. I had been instructed before to just give it a gentle tug†¦the cord snapped off. My parachute had failed. This is when the panic kicked in. All the training I had received, gone. My mind drew a complete blank. I was looking around desperately at Jake and Ryan, while the earth was hurtling towards us rapidly. Ryan tilted himself forward, causing his whole body to move forwards in the air, moving towards me. He pulled a cord on my parachute, so as to activate the emergency chute, something which had not been explained to me, as they didn’t see the point, it usually works†¦The emergency chute failed. Nothing appeared. This was when my heart was in my throat, no parachute, freefalling, I was dead. At that moment in time, I couldn’t understand why Ryan then decided to grasp on to me, coiling his body around mine, like a koala gripping a tree, until he pulled his cord, deploying his parachute, causing us to fall much slower, all of this happened in an instant. We were, however, still at a dangerous height, the only thing that was keeping me from falling to my death was the grip of Ryan, and the strain could be felt, and the grunts of pain, as he put everything he could in to holding me up. The land site was no longer a priority, it was more landing in general. We were getting closer and closer to the ground, but I could feel myself slipping†¦I managed to rotate while in mid air, and hold on to Ryan, allowing him to let go of me, and all of the pressure was now on me. At around 10 foot, I lost grip of ryan, and fell to the concrete ground below. This broke my ankle, and sprained my knee, but at this point I was just glad to be alive†¦ This experience was really a massive reality check for me, it’s made me realize that not everything goes to plan all the time, no matter how much it needs to. It has also made me really appreciate life, and every moment of it. As they say, â€Å"five minutes of life, is life.† Another experience, which is totally different from this one, but had the same impact on me as a person, is this†¦ My vision was blurred†¦nurses shouting†¦something about an â€Å"antidote.† I couldn’t remember anything that had happened. Panic struck me. I had no idea what was going on, and was too weak to express this, but it was obviously serious. What was a â€Å"Chinese Bird Spider†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦? I was on holiday in China, that much I knew†¦My eyes were getting heavier†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ he’s coming around†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The sun was shining, dazzling, in my eyes, it was difficult to see, I could however, ask what had happened. I had been bitted by a â€Å"Chinese Bird Spider.† One of the most venemous and dangerous spiders on earth. If my mum hadn’t recognised it instantly, and taken me to the hopsital. I would have died. No doubt. The pain in my neck was definitely present, but dull and numb, it must have only just been in time. This event has also made me really appreciate life, and how amazing it is. I now realise that I took everything I had for granted. Fear, I feel, is the ultimate form, of humanising someone, making them realise what life is truly about, and how to live it.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Indian and European Nations

Nearly all European invaders as well as their descendants tried to submerge by suppressing their times of yore and by physical repression. The Indian nations relied on spoken means for the spread of history from one memorial cohort to the next, destined that the conclusion of their social constitution would obliterate their history, and thus complete the removal of their survival. Think of what ought to have come prior to the arrival of Europeans, which in several cases was even lost to Indians and the mass of distinctions with the tribes as they dealt with Europeans invaders.In the early 16th century, Indian nations were crisscrossed by the Spanish expeditions, turning over new traits, new influence, and the early amalgamation of priests and soldiers that commenced the progression of racial combination as well as Christianization a century prior to the English and French’s arrival in the New World. The colonization of Indian nations by the Europeans had overwhelming consequen ces for the indigenous people.Flanked by the diseases that were new to them brought by the assailants – Europe itself had simply gotten over an era of plagues as well as epidemics that killed no less than two thirds of its people, and the massacres and enslavement by the hands of the Spaniards. Spain explored and put down claim to the majority of the continent. Indian nations spoke their own languages; communication between Indians and Europeans suffered from differences, not just on a sole landfall, but throughout 500 years and even today.One understandable, yet concealed, source of resistance was the failure or repudiation of the Europeans, predominantly in the British Isles, to learn the Indian tongue. Indian words along with usages, in addition to many other languages such as Spanish, Greek, Italian, Hebrew, and German, came to supplement the English language and particularly the American tongue (Axtell, 2001, p30). The position of men and women among Indian grassroots sh owed a discrepancy more than among European nations.The distinctive characteristic of Indian civilization was the diversity of its population. In European standards, Indian nations at that time were astonishingly diverse regionally. This astounding diversity was in large part a creation of the technique that colonial Europe was initially settled. The reason possibly lay, throughout the 1400s and 1500s, with the regularity of relationships involving sexes that the Roman Catholic Church brought for centuries among the citizens of Central and Western Europe.The division of labor showed a discrepancy noticeably from a tribe, above among Europeans, however it was found that it lacked class system as well as social estates of Europe, there was greater parity and uniformity of role among lower and higher orders of women and men. The establishment of Indian nations is in fact the longest and exhaustive structure of any independent lands in the world.India, in particular, has a quasi-federal type of regime and a bicameral congress functioning under a Westminster-style parliamentary scheme (Iverson, 1992, p34). Since its sovereignty in 1947, these Indian nations maintained amiable and cordial connections with most countries. The history of Indian nations experienced colonial dependencies within the western hemisphere created by the European countries causing diversity in population, problems in geography and establishments of institutions.European nations increased colonies in Indian nations for several reasons, but mostly to create income. They made use of colonies to give raw materials for trade serving as markets for polished and refined products. These systems encouraged religious toleration, diplomat government, economic development as well as cultural diversity. However, the historical policies of Europeans that carry on bureaucracies in and out of Indian nations suppress tribal management and prop up reliance.Indian peoples will stay in a dependent affiliation an d the poverty will provide confirmation of the historic abandonment of the nations’ original people so long as regime (Salisbury, 2000, p18): holds back the economic and political growth of the Indian peoples, deprives them to quality education, disregard cultural needs of Indians, and raises bureaucratic barriers to the recognition of Indian tribes as humans and Indian peoples as part of history.

Descriptive writing Essay

Descriptive writing is a way through which a writer shows his ideas by giving a clear and a vivid image of an object, a person, place or an event. In order to clearly explain a situation thereby creating a clear picture in the reader’s mind, descriptive essay must contain certain important elements. Pamela Arlov guides us to a good description in the book, Wordsmith a guide to college writing. A good descriptive essay uses fine vocabulary, original discussion about an event or an object which appeals to the five senses, uses clear dominant impressions and spatial order. Merely the description is to be used on the basis of the five senses. For instance, while dealing with an event or an object, the description is to be done on the basis of experience or imagination which will enable the reader visualize the discussion. Words which evoke sight, smell, hearing, touch or taste are to be used. The use of dominant impression is quite essential and can be taken as the central theme of the essay. It is the way in which the author conveys his strong feelings about a topic. This can be done by talking about all the possibilities while discussing a particular topic. Moreover, a good descriptive essay is organized in a systematic way. Here we talk about the spatial order. It is essential to maintain an order in an essay. As a result, the essay is more effective and easier to study. In spatial order, things are arranged according to their physical positions. Hence the idea is clearer with the reference of positions like left to right, high to low and so on. Thus, if the discussed techniques, further explained in the book, Wordsmith a guide to college writing, are considered while writing a description, the essay will be quite effective.

Monday, July 29, 2019

International Business Promotion Research Paper

International Business Promotion - Research Paper Example Reliance on websites for health information has grown steadily given the increase in international trade. Different hospitals have employed different strategies when developing their websites to meet the needs of their clients. Texas hospital website has two distinct sections, patients and families section and a section for the health professional (Texas Children’s Hospital, 2012). The website carries popup messages where the purpose of the hospital is described as ‘to heal the child’. Moreover, the pop up messages advertise the services offered by the hospital and describe its commitment to superior services ‘now delivering miracles’. The websites give a guarantee to the clients that its specialists are always advancing their pediatric care daily to ensure their services are up-to-date to emerging medical concerns. On Texas Children Hospital website, patients can find a specific doctor, view their professional qualifications and book an appointment ( Texas Children’s Hospital, 2012). Moreover, customers can view all the departments or services offered and the time one can assess such services. Additionally, the specific location of such services well described and the professionals working in that department. This gives assurance to the customers that they receive quality services from accredited care givers. Given that previous health record is important for future visits to Texas Children Hospital or another hospital. Texas Children’s Hospital has an account for parents to access the health record of the children. Stanford Hospitals and Clinics have developed a website to serve its international customers. Under the international medical services section, Stanford Hospital describes that it offers superior services to its customers pointing out that patients from different parts of the world travel to the hospital annually (Stanford Hospitals and Clinics, 2012). This is a strategy to give confidence to a patient in a dilemma either to go treatment at Stanford or seek treatment in their local country where the hospital assures them that it is worthwhile to make a trip to Stanford Hospital. The hospital promises its international visitors individualized care that is able to meet the needs of the patients and their families before and after treatment. The hospital has a personal patient coordinator who in addition to arranging for a patient’s visit to the hospital organizes for their stay at in San Francisco Bay Area (Stanford Hospitals and Clinics, 2012). This demonstrates a commitment to customer service. The hospital website outlines the services offered by hospital including identifying a specific doctor to meet the medical needs of the patients and interpretation of languages which is a strategy to ensure that some patients do not feel left out. To ensure that patients prepare themselves for the visit, they are given an estimate of their medical bills. Patients can book for appoint ments online thereby reducing time wastage when travelling for treatment. At Phuket International Hospital, offering services to patients from diverse backgrounds has led the hospital employ international staff. At this hospital, the management recognized importance of effective diagnosis and, therefore, language barrier is dealt with by ensuring that the employees speaking a variety of languages. The hospital helps its patients make insurance claims and liaises with the embassy,

Sunday, July 28, 2019

National Emergency Communication Plan Research Paper

National Emergency Communication Plan - Research Paper Example Emergency communications is highly depended on by many agencies in United States (Safecom Program, Online). NECP was established by US department of Homeland Security’s Office of Emergency Communication. It was created due to lack of cooperation among the communication systems used by the nation’s first responders. Coordination in terms of passing information was crucial to enhance fire fighting, law enforcement, rescue, and other emergencies. Evidence of lack of proper coordination among systems was witnessed through the occurrence of attacks in the Pentagon, World Trade Centre in 2001 and Hurricane Katrina. NECP aims to provide up to date modes of communication to enhance response to emergency calls. The plan suggests reasonable goals for the federal, state, local, as well as tribal authorities to be achieved by 2013. It does not interfere with the distribution of funds by the Department of Homeland security (Department of Homeland Security, Online). NECP, being the first strategic plan, majorly aims to improve emergency response communications. It also works hand in hand with Homeland securities in its legislations. During the year 2010, it planned to achieve quick response emergency communication within one hour in high risk urban areas. In 2011, it aimed at achieving high level response emergency communication in low risk urban areas. By 2013, it aims to thrust all authorities to demonstrate response-level emergency communications within 3 hours in case of a major event a specified in nation’s planning scenarios (Walker 5). Land mobile radio and related public safety control systems have been put in place to ensure the quality and continuity of communications systems. Principles of chain and unity of command, unified command (for multi- agency incidents), and standardised span of control have also been put in place to clearly explain duties and responsibilities of responders. Shared laws and regulations have been structured to

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Enron Corporation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Enron Corporation - Assignment Example Its CEO Ken Lay was one of President George W. Bush’s personal friends. Both Ken Lay and CFO Jeff Skilling and later Andrew Fastow were regarded as leaders to emulate. Smart, suave and ambitious, they were regarded as the embodiment of corporate success. But a series of events quickly turned the tables on the fortunes of this billion dollar company and its management. In fact, even its auditors Arthur Andersen were considered culpable and not only removed as incompetent, but the fallout of the entire debacle caused them to close down their businesses all across the world. In hindsight and as a result of investigations, it was determined that there were a number of reasons behind the inglorious fall and demise of this once great enterprise. Notwithstanding the obvious reasons why the CEO, CFO and some other heads of business departments worked in unison to give a highly false and misleading picture to corporate America and the public at large, it seems that they surely thought they were the smartest guys in the room and could continue to hoodwink the masses with false notions of success. Was It a Question of Structure? The puzzling fact is that why did it take so long for the facts to unravel and the truth to reveal itself. With a corporation the size of Enron, and its business interests spread all over the world, it seems amazing that the real state of affairs was kept out of the eyes of employees, what to say of the general public. Did the reporting structure have something to do with it? Auditors combing through the records of the failed corporation have noticed that the scale of the accounting fraud was widespread and resonated throughout most of the corporation. This included false and creative reporting, misclassification of assets and liabilities and other such manipulations. In fact right from 1997 till its demise, Enron top executives were concerned with over-reporting profits and revenues and understating liabilities and expenses to present an i ncorrect picture of success to the world (Maclean & Elkind, 2003). So the whole edifice was crumbling and it was a case of rampant and collusive corruption and misreporting at almost all levels. The matrix reporting structure, where one reports to a direct supervisor as well as a regional head elsewhere is suggested as a good dual reporting mechanism to prevent irregularities. Was it a Question of Exceeding One’s Scope of Authority? Another reason that has been pointed out as the cause of the demise of Enron was that executives tended to exceed their limits or boundaries of authority. In fact, Ken Lay has claimed that he sometimes did not know exactly what Skilling and Fastow were doing in terms of coking up the books and presenting a false picture to investors and the general public. But the fact remains that authority and responsibility cannot be separated. Ken Lay as CEO must be held criminally liable for the doings of his CFOs as it was he who directed them to get the res ults that were shown on the books. So, even this argument does not hold weight. Executives are responsible for their own actions and directives, no matter what the chain of command. Was it a Question of Corporate Culture? Another excuse or reason pointed for the collapse of Enron was that it was due to the corporate culture of success that the executives had created over the years. Enron had earned a name for itself under Lay, and he wanted to remain

Friday, July 26, 2019

The legalization of marijuanna Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

The legalization of marijuanna - Essay Example in regard to the crime of drug use is that it is a self abusive crime, the only victim of the commission of this crime being the person using the drug. The illegal nature of drugs creates all of the victimization associated with drug use. More specifically, marijuana has properties that have the ability to naturally support different types of illnesses. Therefore, it is ethically irresponsible for society to continue to support the criminalization of drugs, especially in the case of marijuana. Through the lens of virtue ethics, one can examine an issue in regard to moral good and moral evil (Darwall, 2003, p. 53). One of the ways in which society has collectively determined that drugs should be criminalized is through the concept that they represent a moral evil. The social point of view is that anything that threatens the perception of safety and normalcy should be criminalized in order to provide perceived protection. The problem with this point of view is that it is blind to the realities of the effects of criminalization which are creating a far more moral evil than the self abuse of drug use represents. The moral evils that are created through criminalization is that it empowers people who have constructed evil intent, most often through greed, to create collaborative efforts that are outside of the control of the state. Virtue ethics is defined by perception. An example is given by Darwall (2003), in regard to two men who can provide another with the same service or advantage, the first man doing the service because he feels it is his moral responsibility and does it through a sense of altruism, where the second man does it because it fulfills an aspect of his own greed. The discussion is centered upon which man will have the greatest amount of sentiment, in this case gratitude, from the person who receives the service. It is the perceived motivation of the person providing the service that creates the level of gratitude as a response (p. 53). The fact is,

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Managing Business Process- Coca Cola Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Business Process- Coca Cola - Essay Example Generally, the company global but operates in small scale in each community where the products of the company are sold. The organization is able to have a global impact and reach of its consumers because of the efficient system. The system mainly consists of the bottling partners that total to nearly 300 and the Coca-Cola Company. The Company is responsible for the synthesizing and selling of concentrates, bases and syrups to the bottling partners. It also owns the Coca-Cola brands and is in charge of the marketing initiative. The bottling partners to the company are responsible for packaging, manufacturing, distribution and merchandising of the products to vending partners and customers. The company does not own or control most of the bottling facilities that it works in close relationship with. The bottling partners tend to have a close working relationship with the consumers. The main consumers are stores, street vendors, movie theatres, restaurants and amusement parks. Through the effective system, the company is able to achieve 1.7 billion sales in a day.FEMSA is the largest bottler in the world, the percentage of the company’s Unite Case Volume is 10%, and Coca-Cola Company has 32% ownership of the interest. Hellenic is the second biggest and has a Unit Case Volume of 8%, Coca-Cola has a percentage ownership of 23% of the interests made. Amatil is believed to be the third largest and has a Unit Case Volume of 2%. Coca-Cola has an ownership of 30% of the interest made  

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Market Analysis- Opening a Tapas Restaurant in Pearland Texas Research Proposal - 1

Market Analysis- Opening a Tapas Restaurant in Pearland Texas - Research Proposal Example â€Å"Pearland is on its way to becoming the next major employment center in the Houston region† (Living in Pearland par. 1). Thus, it transpires that the city offers a highly conducive environment for launching a new restaurant, which can operate well in this region due to several factors. The population growth in this town shows a high market potential of Tapas Restaurant. Pearland is near to Hobby Airport and therefore the restaurant can cater to tourists and business people who travel to this area. Pearland Park and restaurant is one of the main attractions of Pearland city. Besides, Pearland Art League can be another potential source of market for the restaurant as it invites several people round the year for many functions. These are the market potential in Pearland. The restaurant has competitors there such as Pear Tree, Santa Barbara Italian Restaurant and Busy Bee Cafà © etc. The potential target customer groups for Tapas Restaurant include the employees and visitors of Texas Medical Center, Johnson Space Center’s workers, visitors to Pearland Park and Hobby Airport etc. Besides, there are several well established families living in the area. Since there are no outlets of Tapas Restaurant in this region, Pearland City is a potential market for opening such a restaurant. This restaurant’s target customers are youth and upper middle class people. Target market identification involves the process of determining the group of potential clients from the inhabitants of a community, which may comprise several sections. Once this is done, the firm concerned has to make sure that they are in position of gratifying the desires and requirements of each section. Marketing aims, which add to the achievement of the general industry objectives should be recognized for all target markets. The objectives must be in quantitative language, should indicate the target market and must also point out the period within which the goals must be

Black Diaspora and the Founding of Liberia Research Paper

Black Diaspora and the Founding of Liberia - Research Paper Example According to these people, the strength of the blacks lay in their own hands and not in the hands of whites. African Americans belonged to Africa and their movement from America to Liberia was expected to be the result of their freedom and not their further enslavement. The journey to the founding of Liberia is a long one and captures the vision of the elders of African America who eliminated the differences within the African community that still comprises of a variety of languages and cultures. They wanted to see Africa as a whole, united in its dream. Hence the term ‘Pan-Africanism’ has been coined. It is the ‘political project’ to allow those in African diaspora to return by way of unification of all the Africans in a single African state4 the intellectual roots of the movement strongly lie in the racial conception of Africa by its founders, the African American and the Afro-Caribbean intellectuals. Pan-Africanism aimed to challenge the anti-black racism on two fronts since it started off from the New World among the slave descendants spreading back to Africa. Firstly, in the diaspora it condemned racial domination and secondly it also challenged the colonial domination which eventually seemed to have taking a racial form in Africa alone. The great divide in the movement is mainly due to the â€Å"stresses and strains† caused by the aforementioned goals which pull it in different directions.5 Liberia eventually grew into a colony and then a commonwealth nation. It achieved independence in 1847 with the help of the American Colonization Society. It was not until the 1980 that the descendents of freed slaves, also known as Americo-Liberians, got away with the socio-political control of the... This essay declares that the journey to the founding of Liberia is a long one and captures the vision of the elders of African America who eliminated the differences within the African community that still comprises of a variety of languages and cultures. They wanted to see Africa as a whole, united in its dream. Hence the term ‘Pan-Africanism’ has been coined. It is the ‘political project’ to allow those in African diaspora to return by way of unification of all the Africans in a single African state the intellectual roots of the movement strongly lie in the racial conception of Africa by its founders, the African American and the Afro-Caribbean intellectuals. Pan-Africanism aimed to challenge the anti-black racism on two fronts since it started off from the New World among the slave descendants spreading back to Africa. This paper discusses that colonization was in many ways a missionary task which it quite a â€Å"benevolent project†. Hence the method of carrying out the plans was very much private and was done on a small scale. There was definitely a plan of colonization behind Thomas Jefferson’s plea to end slavery and allow the blacks to visit and enjoy their own lands. There was indeed evil arising from the slavery through which the Americans were benefiting. They did not know the anger they were breeding among the natives of Africa who learnt what was being done to their brothers abroad.

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Siblings Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7000 words

Siblings Groups - Essay Example 'the bonds among brothers and sisters are unique - the longest lasting relationships most people have. The sibling relationship lasts longer than the relationship of parent and child and often longer than that of husband and wife (Barbell, 1995, 1).' Regardless of the lack of literature and research that has been previously collected regarding the importance of the relationship between siblings, far too many children are separated from their siblings when child welfare agencies have to intervene. This essay will review the current literature concerning the out-of-home placement of siblings including the impact of separation of siblings and research regarding this sensitive issue. Additionally, a further discussion concerning when it may not be in the child's best interest to co-locate siblings will be presented. Lastly, how the findings of this research impact current social work practices will be discussed. In the last few decades there has been much more attention paid to the importance of the sibling relationship. ... siblings may become stronger, perhaps even stronger than those between parents and children. Children in these families learn to depend on each other to cope with their common life experiences. If intervention intended to help the children results in their separation from each other, they suffer additional loss and grief (Barbell, 1995, 1). This essay will review the current literature concerning the out-of-home placement of siblings including the impact of separation of siblings and research regarding this sensitive issue. Additionally, a further discussion concerning when it may not be in the child's best interest to co-locate siblings will be presented. Lastly, how the findings of this research impact current social work practices will be discussed. Available Literature In the last few decades there has been much more attention paid to the importance of the sibling relationship. As stated previously, prior much emphasis was placed on examining the parent/child relationship but the importance of the sibling relationship tended to be overlooked. Often siblings from dysfunctional families can be a tremendous amount of strength and support for one another. This is especially true when they have through their shared past relied heavily on each other for love, comfort and support. Shlonsky et al. in 2005 reported that siblings have the ability to help each other to repair the damage and repair the affects of long term parental neglect and abuse. However, they also noted that the relationships can be damaging as well. This varied response to the sibling relationship and its impact on the formative lives of children discloses more visibly the need for further research into the relationships and a thorough understanding by the social

Monday, July 22, 2019

Christian Ethics in A Complex World Essay Example for Free

Christian Ethics in A Complex World Essay In 2002 the book entitled â€Å"Choosing the Good: Christian Ethics in A Complex World† was by Dennis Hollinger was published. It gives an overview of the Christian ethics in today’s complicated world. It is indeed a precious and unique book that assesses the framework and perspective of Christian ethics in relation to social issues. The approach is designed to widen initial ideas about relations among different races, policies, human sexualities, economics and many more. The approach of the author is very unusual that made the book more likeable. Hollinger wanted to connect his beliefs to his readers in a way that he wanted to imply something in choosing to do what is good and right. In every social issue at hand there is always an equivalent step by step framework to be followed. The book’s weakness are the lengthy statements that bores readers easily, It may mislead readers since comprehension may be hard to acquire. It would be better if the author wrote it in a direct to the point manner. There are cases presented in the book that aids readers how to carefully analyze a real life scenario. It would be better for people not to complicate things as it is better if problems are looked down easily. In general the book is awesome since it tackles about foundations of ethical theories. Hollinger outlines much of the essential data needed so that readers will understand the areas of pastoral care, Christian ethics and its interconnection with public policy. An overall generalization is also given to see what does the author wanted to imply in this beautiful book. There were also judgments and ethical commitments presented in the second chapter of the book. The issues involving postmodernity and modernity treatment s discussed. But this is the chapter that lacks focus because vague explanations were given on how the society operates in modernity but does not make t in academics. The enticing part is that third part of the book presents figures about history tht guides readers on deciding in this contemporary world. A survey of recent Christian Ethics by Edward LeRoy is part of the book for readers to see an accurate statistics of the public’s opinion. Biblical ethics is also presented that shows a deeper connection of choosing to do the good things in life. The best reference is still the Holy Scriptures. Talking about culture and its relation to faith is also presented by Hollinger in this book. He cited examples like the delineation of Christ and Culture by Niebuhr and how the church is placed in the center of a more organized society. Christ should still stand up amidst the complexities of things I every culture. As the author concludes the book â€Å"the moral task before the Christian church today is immense. But God has called us, as he called Esther long ago in Persia, to be a divine presence for such a time as this† (Hollinger, 2002). For good to succeed it is our duty to devote our moral commitments against the complex world. It is in humility that people can find goodness and it is God who is the true foundation of everything we do (Hollinger, 2002, p. 272). The book is designed to let readers be aware that choosing good should incorporate a broad and deep understanding of the word goodness. Having reflections on the book made it easier for readers to understand what he is trying to point out. It is recommended to discuss a book like this in the classroom scenario so that all students ma practice the ethics of goodness inside the classroom and spread it outside as they grow. References: Hollinger, D. (2002). Choosing The Good: Christian Ethics in A Complex World. USA: Baker Academic

Sunday, July 21, 2019

The Current Marketing Strategies Of British Airways

The Current Marketing Strategies Of British Airways From the period 1990 to the current age, the aviation industry has been one of the most booming sectors. Worldwide increase in GDP created a wave in the economy. The demand to travel resulted in the growth of the airline industry. During the year 2000 the airline industry suffered one of its most tragic phases regarding to the growth of the industry. This happen mainly due to the problems faced by the world, for instance the terrorist attacks on the world trade centre and the deadly virus named SARS which claimed a lot of lives in south east Asia. Many travelers reduced their travel and preferred avoiding few critical places of the world. Due to this there was a major impact which led to the downfall of the airline industry. The crisis initially stared a slowdown in the demand for airlines and as the crisis evolved the demand started to decrease in a rapid manner. British airways completed 90 years of service on 25th August 2009. The origin of British airways could be traced back from the 19th century. Its first ever flight took off on 25th august 1919. Since then British Airways has seen a lot of changes and developments. The first flight operated from London to Paris and it carried only a single passenger and the cargo included newspapers, Devonshire cream and grouse. During the year 1924 many airlines emerged. Out of these four airlines joint hands and formed Imperial Airways limited. They basically provided services to Paris, Brussels, Basle, Cologne and Zurich. In the year 1930 handful of UK air transport companies joint hands to form British Airways Limited which emerged to become the biggest competitor for Imperial Airways. Due to nationalization by the UK government British Airways and Imperial Airways formed British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) in the year 1939. Domestic and Continental flights were operated by another airline, British European Airways. In the year 1972 British airways Board which was established in the year 1960 merged BOAC and BEA which led to the formation of British Airways in the year 1974. Marketing Strategies of British Airways: Marketing is nothing but a mix of Place, Product, Price and promotion. British Airways have based their marketing strategies based on the marketing mix. They have a product strategy, pricing strategy, Promotion strategy. Product Strategy of British Airways: Introduction to product strategy: Product is the main and the key feature of any sector or a company. Place, price, promotion comes along with product. Without a product the other three marketing mixes, place, price, promotion cannot be considered. The main product of British Airways is providing air carriers (flights) to the customers who wish to travel. It provides various services which are intangible. These services become a part of the product which is sold by British Airways. British airways have different types of classes for travelling which are executive class, business class, club class and economy class. The product sold by British Airways has been divided into different product levels. The first being the core product what a customer is purchasing. In the case of British Airways its the flight tickets which are been purchased by a customer. He buys them basically to satisfy his need to travel from one place to the other. The second is the basic product. In the case of British Airways it is the flight. The customers here book the flights to their destinations on the basis of the schedule provided by British Airways. British airways has a very big network and it connects UK to all parts of the world.The British airways flies to 95 different cities in Europe and 60 other destinations throughout the world. It is rated as one of the busiest airline in the world. The third is the expected product by the customer. In the case of British Airways it would be the various products such as complimentary meals, drinks, allocated seats and onboard entertainment and other services. British Airways also provides extra services such as various executive classes. British airways provide gold class, silver class and the blue class. They have different kinds of services to fulfill different kinds of needs of their customers. Pricing strategy of British Airways: Pricing is nothing but a method by which the price or the value of the product is been calculated. Its the amount paid by a customer in order to enjoy the product or service. While setting the price the company needs to keep to basic things in mind. They are quality and the price. If the price is higher than the quality, the company would run under losses. And if the price and quality are balanced then the company would reach its profits soon. British Airways has three different strategies. They are; Premium price strategy: In this kind of strategy the people of higher class in the society are targeted as they can afford such kind of cost. The main customers for this strategy are executive and business class users. They have been given high quality services as they pay a high price. Medium price strategy: In this kind of pricing strategy the medium class of the society is been targeted. Here the quality of services provided is lower than the premium price .in every kind of strategy the quality keeps deteriorating but at a minimum level. This strategy is basically used in order to give competition to various other airlines which provide the same services. Low price strategy: This strategy is basically used to compete with low cost carriers like Raynair. British airways provide low cost fares along with added quality services and its name. People would obviously prefer British airways than the other low coast carriers as they are getting British airways at the same cost along with their name. Considering other competitors British airways revised its pricing policy. The factors determining them are; -Determining the pricing objectives -Acting according to the demand -Cost estimation -comparing competitors prices and costs -selection of a pricing method PROMOTION STRATEGY: British airways have provided various offers during festivals like Christmas. This ticket is generally known as British airways escape ticket. Rates have been slashed to a large extent and also people who travel in silver and gold class have been given free upgrades but only one way of the journey. Domestic flying rates have also been slashed. PROBLEMS FACED BY BRITISH AIRWAYS: -TERRORISM: The attacks on the World Trade Centre in the year 2001 created fear among the travelers and since then the airline industry at a whole faced a huge downfall. Despite all security measures taken in recent times people travelers are not able to regain their confidence. Due to this there is a slight decrease in travel. But in recent years terrorism has been controlled due to which airline industry has picked up in a rapid manner -Oil prices: Increase of crude oil prices created an economic downfall due to which the airline industry was badly hit. British airways being a part of it faced the problems dude to which they had to increase their fares. The increase in fares led to people choosing low cost carriers and thus British Airways lost a lot of business. Volcanic ash: The volcano which erupted in Iceland created lot of disruption in the airspace of UK due to which 4000 flights were cancelled on 15th April 2010. Thos went on for nearly 3 weeks due to which many airlines faced huge losses. British airways were one of them. Strikes: The crew of British airways seems to go on strikes for everything possible. In recent years crew members have resorted to strikes based on salaries and staffing issues. Die to this many flights were cancelled. Low cost carriers took advantage of this and British airways started losing its business and the respect of its brand. People started to prefer other airlines due to the strikes. British airways is losing business due to this. The issue is still not been resolved. Competitors: The different types of marketing strategies used by rival airlines are much more effective due to which British airways is losing its valuable customers. Various competitors like emirates, Virgin Atlantic, Lufthansa are providing travelers with better services than British airways. These problems are general in-flight problems faced by the passengers who are travelling on British airways. These problems are based on the feedback and reviews of the customers -Passengers travelling have complained about the food which is been served to them during the journey -Passengers are complaining about the entertainment provided on the flight -passengers also have complained about the staff and they say that they dont seem to be caring and are only professional. SWOT analysis: Strengths: British airways have purchased a new fleet of aircrafts which are highly equipped with the latest technologies available. Its competitors are still on the way to get changing their inventory. British airways have its main strength in its name. The very name of it marks its respect. Weakness: The marketing strategies of BA arent as good as its competitors. The reason behind this is that BA is using simple and outdated strategies. Whereas its competitors are using intense marketing strategies which are developed by highly skilled market analysts. British airways suffer losses due to number of strikes every year. Opportunities: As British airways provide various services, it has got the potential to score customers in the global market. If they do so then globalization can be their strength instead of their weakness. Threats: the threats of British airways are internal as their decision making is poor. Due to this there is loss in business. British airways have its prime focus on local issues and national issues due to which it fails to see global. Thus globalization is been ignored.

Role of Clinical Psychologists in Valuing People

Role of Clinical Psychologists in Valuing People What role should clinical psychologists play in implementing the recommendation of â€Å"Valuing People†? Clinical psychologists, in general, work in various settings diagnosing, through assessment and treating mental health disorders. In 2001 the ‘Valuing people’ project started as a governmental initiative and strategy with certain performance indicators in order to address the needs of people with learning disabilities by improving the quality of their lives and that of their families and carers. According to the (2001) white paper on valuing people, although it is difficult to provide accurate statistics on the number of people with learning disabilities in England, in 1999 it was estimated that about 210,000 people have ‘severe and profound’ learning disabilities and 1.2 million people have ‘mild / moderate’ learning disabilities. Further, amongst the 210,000 people with severe and profound learning disabilities the majority (i.e. 120,000) is working age adults; 65,000 are youth and 25,000 are elderly people (available on: www.archive.officiald ocuments.co.uk/document/cm50/5086/5086.pdf). Clinical psychologists are mentioned in this white paper alongside other learning disability specialists engaged with the project towards improving the health of people with learning disabilities. This essay focuses on the roles of clinical psychologists in terms of acheiving the following project objectives: (1) disabled children and young people; (2) transition into adult life; (3) more choice and control; (4) supporting carers and (5) good health. These five objectives contribute to the overall aims of valuing people to protect the rights of those with learning difficulties as citizens, to ensure their full inclusion in their local communities, to expand the range of life-options available and to increase their independence. Children and people with severe learning disabilities might be unable to describe complicated internal feelings and a diagnosis can only be reached by behavioural observation and functional analysis, which the clinical psychologist can provide. In general there is a high rate of behavioural problems among people with a learning disability (Debb et al., 2001). Emerson (1995) postulates that between 30%-50% of people with a learning disability tend to demonstrate a variety of challenging behaviours. Nevertheless, challenging behaviour is not a formal psychiatric diagnosis, but rather a broad social construction (Emerson, 1998). It can, however, be taken as a sign of a mental illness – or it can mask i t. Clinical psychologists can assess challenging behaviours, understand their causes and then offer appropriate interventions (including the services of other health care specialists such as social workers) in order to eliminate them. In terms of the first objective about disabled people and young adults, clinical psychologists play a key role in identifying and accurately diagnosing their disability. A person with a learning disability is from early years likely to experience stressful and adverse life events that will create vulnerability for mental health problems (Bouras et al., 2000). That is so because in addition to cognitive problems and psychosocial stressors, genetic and biochemical factors tend to increase the probability for both challenging behaviour and mental illness (Bouras et al., 2000). The possible combination of these factors can make assessments and diagnosis extremely difficult. Correct diagnosis of disability is crucial for providing appropriate health and social care to the person with disability; while clinical psychologists work in a multi-disciplinary team of learning disability specialists who inform both the disabled person and their family about all support services available to them. Clinical psychologists are important in monitoring the progress that young people with disability make, when receiving health treatment alongside suitable family support services, in order to modify their treatment and the provision of support services to address any changes in their needs. This implies that clinical psychologists need to assess regularly the quality of health care these people receive and to ensure that disabled children and young people are getting appropriate health care in order that they are and feel included in education, family life and their local community. In the second objective of ‘transition into adult life’ again clinical psychologists have a key role working in multidisciplinary teams of learning disability specialists (e.g. in settings such as the Connexions partnership) towards providing appropriate and continuous health and social care support to young people, who are becoming adults, and their families in order that adults with disability can be included in education, training, employment and their local community. Clinical psychologists can help young people with disability to understand their growth into adulthood and its psychological and practical implications. In this it is useful having consistency in attending the same person with disability from their youth into adulthood because then the disabled person will tend to trust more the clinical psychologist and his interventions. The development of young people with disability into adults is associated with the third objective of the valuing people project which is about providing more choice and control. Mental health problems can be a major factor in limiting not only quality of life but also successful community interaction and adaptation (Reiss, 1994). There is a general consensus regarding the prevalence of mental disorder in adults with a learning disability (Turner Moss, 1996). A review of relevant research revealed a prevalence range of mental disorder in adults with a learning disability from 14.3 % to 67.3 % (Campell Malone, 1991). Clinical psychologists with their person-centred approach have a valuable contribution to make in enriching the choices disabled people have through involving these people in the planning of suitable services for them and increasing public awareness of what these people can do and their rights in our society. In addition, clinical psychologists are significant contributors in the achievement of objectives (4) ‘supporting carers’ and (5) ‘good health’ because of their knowledge, skills and experience as health care specialists they can assess the needs of carers providing appropriate solutions to support them and their disabled people to access good health care services regardless of their ethnic background. Therefore, clinical psychologists should work to reduce health care inequalities and increase access for all carers and disabled people to health care. Moreover, clinical psychologists have to support and encourage the development of NHS’s services and provisions of specialist learning disability services that address holistically the needs of disabled people through the work of multi-disciplinary teams of disability specialists. To summarise, clinical psychologists can play several and important roles in implementing the recommendations of the valuing people project, especially in order to achieve its first five project objectives. Furthermore, in collaboration with other professionals in multidisciplinary teams of disability specialists clinical psychologists need to get involved in more proactive work. Having knowledge of human development, learning theories and aetiology of mental health illnesses clinical psychologist could play also an important role in preventive work on individual basis as well as in service development suitable for proactive adaptation and assimilation of people with disabilities in education, employment, their community and in the society. References: Campbell, M., Malone, R.P. (1991). Mental retardation and psychiatric disorders. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 42, 4. Department of Health. (2000). Valuing People: a new strategy for learning disability for the 21st century. (Retrieved 05/11/06 and it is available on www.archive.officialdocuments.co.uk/document/cm50/5086/5086.pdf>). Emerson, E., Moss, S. C. Kiernan, C. K. (2000). The relationship between challenging behaviour and psychiatric disorders in people with severe intellectual disabilities. In Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Mental Retardation (ed. N. Bouras), 38-48. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Emerson, E. (1995). Challenging behaviour: analysis and intervention in people with learning disabilities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Emerson, E. (1998). Clinical psychology and people with intellectual disabilities. London: Wiley Sons. Thomas, D. M. Bright, C. (2001). Mental disorder in adults with intellectual disability. The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 25, Part 6, 506-514. Turner, S. Moss, S. (1996). The health needs of adults with learning disabilities and the Health of the Nation strategy. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 40,  438-450.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Lysistrata: A Comedy of Stereotypes Essays -- essays research papers

LYSISTRATA, a comedy of stereotypes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The playwright Aristophanes wrote about an ancient Greece, Athens in particular, during a time of constant warfare. His play â€Å"Lysistrata† is an attempt to amuse while putting across an anti-war message. In fact even the naming of the play is an anti-war message of sorts. The word â€Å"lysistrata† means, â€Å"disband the army† (Jacobus 162). Aristophanes was a crafty writer; he creates a work of art that causes his audience to think about the current state of affairs in their city. He points out that there is a major threat to Athens when all the good, young fighters are sent off to war. Aristophanes acheives this aim by using stereotypical characterizations of women to show how utterly defenseless Athens is without their young men at home. His message is a bit subliminal in nature but still a heady one. Aristophanes realized that audiences don’t come to plays to be preached at but to be entertained. To this end, he uses comedy an d comical characterizations to delight the spectators/readers. The principal form of comical characterization he depended on was stereotyping. As the main theme of the play, the female stereotype of woman’s only power base being sex was strongly employed. The main character Lysistrata and all the women in Greece band together to essentially take over the city states to end the Peloponnesian war. They do this by exploiting their stereotypical power source, sexuality. This â€Å"power source† would...

Friday, July 19, 2019

Marijuana and the Biological Bases of Behavior Essay -- Research Paper

Marijuana and the Biological Bases of Behavior Marijuana is the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa. Like all plants, it's sensitive to the environment where it grows. Some of the names for it are Mary Jane, pot, weed, grass, herb, ganja or skunk. The brain has many responses to marijuana. Marijuana can cause people to lose focus on events around them. For some it makes them more aware of their physical sensations. For others, there are numerous other effects. All forms of marijuana are mind- altering. All of the changes are caused by chemicals that affect the brain. More than 400 chemicals are in the average marijuana plant. When smoked, heat produces even more chemicals. Different weather and soil conditions can change the amounts of the chemicals inside the plant. Marijuana grown in one place might be chemically stronger than grown in another. Marijuana's effects on the user depend on it's strength or potency, which is related to the amount of THC it contains. Marijuana causes some parts of the brain, such as those governing emotions, memory, and judgment, to lose balance and control. Marijuana can speed the heart rate up to 160 beats per minute. Dilated blood vessels make the whites of the eyes turn red. Panic feelings may be accompanied by sweating, dry mouth, or trouble breathing. Much like tobacco smokers, marijuana smokers may experience a daily cough and more frequent chest colds. Animal studies have found that THC can damage the cells and tissues in the body that help protect against disease. When the immune cells are weakened you are more likely to get sick. When someone uses marijuana, these chemicals travel through the bloodstream and quic... ...ology 8th ed. Australia, Canada, United States: Wadsworth Publishing Kouri, E.M., Pope, H,G., (2000, November). Abstinence Symptoms During Withdraw From Chromic Marijuana Use. Experimental and Clinical Psyhopharmocology,8(4),1- 13. Massi, P., Pavolaro, D., Rubino, T., & Vigano, D., (2001) The Psychoactive ingredient of Marijuana induces behavioural sensitization. European Journal of Neuroscience 14(5), 884-886. Nahas, G., (1977) biomedical aspects of Cannabis usage. Bulletin on Narcotics 29(2), 13-27. Martin, B. R., Neuropsychopharmacology: The Fifth Generation of Progress, Marijuana. Retrieved from the Internet March 3, 2005. http://www.acnp.org/g4/GN401000170.CH166.html Williams, J.S. (2004). Cognitive Deficits in Marijuana Smokers Persist After Use Stops. National Institute on Drug Abuse, 18(5), 1-4.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Cultural Literacy Essay

Cultural Literacy. What is it? How can one define it? Is it knowing the answers to questions such as: who are Joseph Stalin and Frederick Douglass? Who fought in WWI? What was the Louisiana purchase? What is the second commandment? Name an amendment to the constitution? Try this on for size, who is the host of Total Request Live on MTV? Who is J. Lo engaged to? Cultural literacy is knowledge of what one should know in order to be a functional member of an educated society. It includes an understanding of one’s language, grammar, pronunciations, syntax in speech, and the basic listening, reading and writing skills along with the knowledge of mathematics and history. Many argue whether cultural literacy is possible or not, whether it can truly exist. The whole concept of cultural literacy is an important one. Especially to America. America, being the great melting pot that it is needs to have this for everybody. We are constantly receiving new people into our country and as they come, our cultures â€Å"rub off† on each other, they begin to intertwine with another. By understanding these different groups we understand their cultures and we become more culturally literate (to the other persons culture) and our cultures actually mix. America is great because of this. The concept of cultural literacy is an important one to understand in order to make America a better place to live for everybody. To answer the question of whether or not it is possible for cultural literacy to exist, we need to break it down. We have to know what it means and who it applies to. We also need to understand how it works. The works of E. D. Hirsch, Jr. , â€Å"Cultural Literacy (excerpt),† and Jay Chaskes, â€Å"The First-year Student as Immigrant,† expose the definition of what cultural literacy is and how this definition varies as it comes across various cultures, groups, members and individuals in a society. Cultural literacy is possessing the information needed to be able to interpret a statement the way it was meant to be interpreted by an author or speaker. Many things are open to different interpretations, though. Hirsch agrees, â€Å"? we cannot treat reading and writing as empty skills, independent of specific knowledge. The reading skill of a person may vary greatly from task to task. The level of literacy exhibited in each task depends on the relevant background information that person possesses (217). † People who give this information are tryingto pass along a message. As long as one can receive that message correctly in most cases, they are considered culturally literate. We can safely assume that everyone is at a different level of cultural literacy since everyone knows a different amount and has experienced a different amount. A good author or speaker is able to communicate his or her message to these people with different amounts of knowledge and experience and have the same viewers receive the basically same message. One may be considered â€Å"culturally literate† somewhere, then culturally illiterate elsewhere. You can’t expect anyone to know all the information needed to interpret something correctly. But with what they already know, they can form a correct conclusion. Jay Chaskes, the author of â€Å"The First-Year Student as Immigrant,† supports this notion: As with all newly-arrived immigrants, students must learn various skills and acquire certain knowledge bases before the can be recognized as citizens of their adopted country (i. e. , they must successfully complete their first year of college). These skills and knowledge bases include communication skills, cultural rules and expectations, geography, performing as a â€Å"good citizen,† and learning the community’s services and structure. (Chaskes 31) When students and immigrants first arrive they have some sense of knowledge and understanding of where they are and what is around them. Once they begin to adapt to their new environment and learn new skills to be seen as a member of their community, they become more culturally aware of their surroundings. With the knowledge they had and with the new information they attained the students and immigrants form â€Å"correct conclusions and assumptions. † People have different levels of cultural literacy based upon experience and common knowledge. For example lets take a closer look at Chaskes’ section on Professors and Academic Culture: Compared to their high school teachers, college professors may present a more aloof and distant demeanor. The student discovers that the rhythm of the professor’s work day may limit when he or she might be seen. The comings and goings of the professoriate seem somewhat inscrutable. (32) This culture of new first-year students are not used to this. They might be used to a closer relationship with their professors like in their secondary school where they are able to reach and meet with their professors at specific hours. Everything is different now. It is not that the system of their previous school was wrong,it is just different. But once they become accustomed, they acculturate to this new college culture. Because of their previous experience, they were on a different level of cultural literacy. Basically different cultures are going to see things differently than another. Neither is wrong it is just how one culture interprets that specific thing. Some people might be more educated in one area and others in another. Basic knowledge may be held by someone who have gone through many experiences, and because of their experiences they could understand what another is talking about. A different, well educated person might not get the idea as well because it is harder for them to relate. For example, in Hirsch’s excerpt, â€Å"Cultural Literacy,† he exhibits an experiment conducted by Richard C. Anderson and others at the Center for the Study of Reading at the University of Illinois in which they grouped two sets of paired readers. These individuals were all similar in sexual balance, educational background, age, and social class. However, the only discrepancy was that one group was in India and the other in the U. S. : Both were given the same two letters to read. The texts were similar in overall length, word-frequency distribution, sentence length and complexity, and number of explicit propositions. Both letters were on the same topic, a wedding, but one described an Indian wedding, the other an American wedding. The reading performances of the two ? split along national lines. The Indians performed well in reading about the Indian wedding but poorly in reading about the American one, and the Americans did the opposite. This experiment not only reconfirmed the dependence of reading skill on cultural literacy, it also demonstrated its national character. (Hirsch 220) This is a great example by Hirsch that demonstrates what actually happens in the real world. The fact that the Indian was knowledgeable about the Indian wedding is not surprising since he probably attended one. So, to the Indian culture he is probably considered culturally literate. If the American had previously attended an Indian wedding he would definitely know more about such an event. He would be building upon his â€Å"Indian cultural literacy† by experience, which doesn’t apply to IQ (or fact knowledge). An equal example of how this would occur in the real world would be an Indian person who just immigrated to America. Let’s assume he can speak English already, but he has no previous experience in America. If he read about the wedding of the president he could probably understand the basics, but not the specifics. The reason for that is because India has weddings and so he will understand how two people are joined together. If he had never heard of that he would probably be thinking what they mean by joining together. But assuming he understands that part of it, he might not understand that rings are usually what spouses give each other at weddings, or that, traditionally, Americans are making a vow to God when they get married. Although the wedding has two different meanings to two different people of different cultures, both ideas are still correct—like someone saying toe-may-toe, vs. toe-mah-toe. It is just how it is interpreted from that individual’s culture and experiences. Since culture is the way certain people live, and everyone lives in different ways, no one can have the same cultural literacy. So even if we all posses the same knowledge, our differences in personal experiences set our levels of cultural literacy apart. One thing can mean something different to two people, but may be correct either way. It is just how that certain thing is deciphered by every culture. Also, in one place a person could be considered culturally literate, and in another he or she would be considered culturally illiterate (even if they were more knowledgeable than most people in their own culture). If they had time to adapt to the new culture and gain experience in that culture, then they would become more and more â€Å"culturally literate† in that culture. Works Cited Chaskes, Jay. â€Å"The First-Year Student as Immigrant. † From Inquiry to Argument. McMeniman, Linda. Allyn & Bacon, 1999. Pg. 29 Hirsch Jr. , E. D. â€Å"Cultural Literacy (excerpt). † From Inquiry to Argument. McMeniman, Linda. Allyn & Bacon, 1999. Pg. 214.

Fahrenheit 451- Pleaseantville Essay

In the study Pleasantville and Bradburys novel Fahrenheit(postnominal) 451 the twain controlled worlds atomic number 18 similar in the course their societies are ruled. Everyone living in the dickens stories is oblivious to individuality and how unique is non even a word that is utilize in speech in either. nonetheless this is altogether(a) they know, and theyre not in control no one has a mind of their own. In Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 and the film Pleasantville, the tooth root of control is shewed done de homosexualization, collective loss of memory and ascendancy of personality. Both of these stories display extreme dehumanization.In the text of Fahrenheit 451 regard to human life is very low. Technology controls their life. In the prototype form Fahrenheit 451 when Montag asks, Mildred, will you turn the sitting room off? And she replies with Thats my family(Bradbury pg. 46). This shows that Mildred is attached and the engineering or parlor is somewhat in control . This theme of technology controlling your life is also present in the film Pleasantville. Bud and bloody shame Sues life all depends on the controller. This is because it is the only way that it got them in the show and the only way it potful get them let out.Dont permit technology control your life corporate memory loss is seen in some(prenominal) these stories majorly. For example in Fahrenheit 451 when Clarisse and Montag are walking and talking and she judges Strange, I perceive once that a long m ago bases used to burn by accident and they needed firemen to stop the flames(pg. 6). This is Clarisse forgetting what firemen are in truth supposed to do, fight fires. embodied memory loss is also seen in Pleasantville when a fire has broken out outside Bud and Mary Sues house and they call the firemen.First of all in order to get the firemen to come they had to say there was a cat stuck in a tree because when bud yelled, stir none of them even reacted. Then when the fi remen had got there, there wasnt even a receipt from any of them about the fire and they didnt even know how to use their hoses. embodied memory loss deal real change the way you cash in ones chips and its surprising how much you can really forget. Governmental control of citizenry and has sub control over you.In the example when the TVs or the government says Police nominate the entire population in the elm tree Terrace area do as follows everyone in every house on every street open a front or a hindquarters door of look through the windows. The short cannot escape if everyone in the next wink looks from his house(pg. 131-132). When this shows up on the screens everyone can see it because everyone is watching TV and they all listen. In Pleasantville when George and Bud make the video and are being individual they propound them they cannot do that and cannot paint.They even have a set of rules written out when throng are being different so they no longer can. In twain Pleasantville and Fahrenheit 451 through the mastery of nature and collective loss of memory The theme of control as presented in these cardinal stories is thankfully not what we experience. However, some hatful experience life like this and are very controlled in everything that they do. Im very glad that I personify where I live and when I live because if even one of those was changed my life could be so different.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Red Box

A. cheek Overview Redbox is a wholly-owned subsidiary by Coinstar, Inc. For only $1 per night it offers photo take aimals. The set-back kiosks were located at McDonalds. On 31 March, 2010, the total number of inst onlyed Redbox and DVDCpress Kiosks was 24,800. Redboxs primary(prenominal) strategy is to have kiosks that contain mostly new releases of cinemas on DVDs in obtain aras that ar visited a lot. The countenanceal angle is shoddy, only $1 per night and the substantial order and return process is fast, unsophisticated and easy for the customer.With its many kiosks, Redbox built a strong notice reputation. B. Analysis The swot up analysis shows that Redboxs strengths are its brand recognition and financial forefinger, with being happy it can add more kiosks at erect locations. It has built relationships with the chain retailers of its name company Coinstar, Inc. and it offers value by fling very affordable painting rentals to customers. Redboxs lightsomene ss is that it offers no online oral communication yet. Its opportunities are expansion to other underserved and very trustworthy areas in the US, Puerto Rico, and UK.It can also that its expansion internationally. There is lots of animated and potential revenue growth at existing kiosks. Redbox has the strength to attract customers away(p) from other competitors like megahit. Redboxs threats are services like Netflix that offer plastic film streaming online, companies that offer internet delivery of movies, Blockbuster building new kiosks and movie theaters when mountain are tired of honoring movies at home. Redbox has lots of potential for besides growth in revenue and popularity.It has to soften attention to shifts in customers preferences on how to wait a movie and adapt to changes. Porters fin Forces show that competition from rivals is strong, especially Blockbuster and Netflix. There is no convergence differentiation in movies. The threat of new entrants is weak because in order to compete with Redbox, it requires a lot of capital and building aforesaid(prenominal) good relationships to suppliers (movie production companies) as Redbox already has. The movie as a product can be easily substituted and people can buy instead of rent or watch something online.The buyers bargaining power is modest because buyers can either rent or buy or watch online and the switching costs are low. C. Recommendations Redbox should not miss the chance on expanding internationally. With its cheap movie rentals, it can attract customers from all classes in all countries and not be affected by economic crisis so strongly. It should also continue to do query on where to locate more kiosks and it should stand for about offering internet movie rentals. Also, it should continue to build and nurture good relationships with its suppliers.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Forensic Science Module Essay

Forensic Science Module Essay

1. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid refers to the molecules that carry our genetic information. human DNA can be found in blood, white skin cells, tissues, muscles, bones, teeth, hair, and saliva. 2.It involves using principles and scientific standard procedures to address questions of interest.4. Complimentary base patterns what are pairs that always pair up together. Complimentary economic base patters are so important because the four bases own make up DNA 5. RFLP is described as the method in which DNA is studied, by using an enzyme to cut DNA strands into different sections.You divide the study into few phrases and are able to move.

I believe some of the challenges that come with collecting DNA further evidence could include the DNA sample potentially becoming damaged, by factors last even if includes natural causes such as dirt, dust, wired and mold. Some ways that I could overcome these potential many challenges include trying to collect more DNA samples how that are not ruined or damaged you can consider also attempt to clean the DNA if possible.3. The difference between rat mitochondria DNA and nuclear DNA is that mitochondrial stranded DNA is inherited from the offspring’s mother while in nuclear DNA it is mixed and matched so it is different.Research requires the variety of numerical measurement additional information control, predict, or so as to explain researchs much attention area.Throughout your degree, you may acquire skills deeds that will be helpful in whatever profession they opt to follow.There how are numerous helpful resources which are readily available to you if you how are a glo bal student worrying about your writing skills.

Describe technological how hair could possibly be utilized in a forensic investigation.Evidence speaks for itself, and loudly if its belief proof.You are going to be invited to pick a topic applicable for your practice or developing pursuits.The emphasized tips are certain to provide newspaper logical and a research topic to you.

There how are suggestions for your consideration and a first great deal of research paper issues.You might have to provide students with a list of subjects that social work well.Together with the state of the market of our country, its important to a lot of students that their long career provides a living wage that is comfortable to them.For any type of introductory essay subjects, they always have to have some facts which free will assist them to elaborate the subject.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Nature vs. Nurture in Oliver Twist Essay

give a representation of wholly the questions that all adept whitethorn exact for the novel, Oliver corrupt, bingle of the to a greater extent public questions that derriere excrete is What determines a souls reputation, decisions, actions, and so on Is part to charge? Or is it rearings intermission? comprehend as though Oliver was strip at render and neer had a true buzz off or siblings to odor up to, this rise depart steering on the maintain fraction of the question. Nurture, by translation, is the grade of experiences, hea thitherfore influences, and knowing actions/reactions in a development way outs bread and merelyter. reputation is delimitate as the qualities with which quite a little ar born(p) (including ancestral discover-up, static someoneality traits, animals instincts, etc.) Oliver had umpteen large(p) influences to answer that it whitethorn create been constitution that had affect him the more or less in this situat ion. In e truly last(predicate) cases, the temperament vs. foster literary seam is one and the same. lovingness for a boor nearly(prenominal) assiduously is real important, harmonise to the definition of corroborate, and at heart the stage of Oliver Twist, the tiddler never seemed to start suitable nurturing from any of the insular slew or thieves that he had accompanied. monster writes the typeface of Oliver in a way that seems to cement his post in temperaments mash that Oliver come alongs to be an innately heartfelt individual. His experiences in the workhouse, the aversion he has to hurt from Mr. pamper and an other(a)wise(prenominal) characters, and his characterisation to a life of aversion does not make Oliver procedure from bully to bad. However, to move into that two supports the imagination that just now p bent is responsible for(p) for as authoritative a persons spirit would be incorrect. In fact, other characters at bottom th e novel, adduce that they are products of their environments.This essence that characters much(prenominal) as Nancy, the twisted Dodger, and others pull in been form by their experiences, which unmortgaged supports substantiates slope of the surround. From a scientific conduct of view, to the highest degree psychologists equalize that incomplete nature nor call forth foot be held altogether responsible for the formative of a persons record. When go about with the nature vs. nurse disceptation in authoritative situations, it is typically simulated that personality laughingstock be attributed partially to nature and partly to kindle. At low gear descry some of hellers characters appear to estimate any nature or nurture, but hike probe shows that all(prenominal) character embodies traits that terminate be attributed to two.In Oliver Twist, daemon draws the attending to many issues. For example, on that point is a very clear paper of dis fav or of the 1834 woeful natural law Amendment accomplishment (and its sequent effects) throughout then novel. And maculation just about of the other issues that devil includes in his composition are societal, he does summate up an elicit turn over that has psychological roots. Although Oliver is skirt by dread situations, demon ease had a intuitive feeling of swear underscoring it all. At points, there were questions if that was because the reviewer knew what would advance in the end. however monster mean Oliver Twist to be fair humorous.For example, by illustrating the wave-particle duality of the wealthy, avoirdupois weight parish leading eat art object divest workhouse children lust on gruel. In conclusion, both berths to the dig of whether or not Oliver was most touch on by nature or nurture dust to the view of the endorser. Of flux there whitethorn be certain serving as to which side the reader whitethorn favor and the Tempter had probably pu rsue that route, intending for the reader to square up Olivers fate. The nature vs. nurture argument pertains to anyone who wishes for a steady-going debate in their breeding selections of Charles Dickens.

Sunday, July 14, 2019

Difference Between Two Population Means

Here, we picture estimation and hypothesis- riseing bits for the inequality amid deuce world factor when the models ar mutualist. In a side of 2 low-level specimens, devil information set genius for for severally unmatched warning be store from the identical acknowledgment (or element) and, hence, these atomic number 18 in addition called mated or matched samples. For precedent, we whitethorn motive to bring out inferences closely the wet lean t peerless ending for members of a wellness decree by and by they put on at peace(p) done an coiffure political platform for a current occlusion of time.To do so, think over we learn a sample of 15 members of this wellness unify and phonograph record their weights in advance and laterwards the program. In this theoretical account, twain sets of information ar unruffled from the equivalent 15 persons, at one time sooner and once after the program. Thus, although in that location atom ic number 18 ii samples, they subscribe to the resembling 15 persons. This is an example of diametric (or dependent or matched) samples. The procedures to introduce sureness intervals and test hypotheses in the suit of clothes of mated samples ar antithetic from the ones for fissiparous samples.Two samples are utter to be opposite or matched samples when for to to distributively one one information nourish self-possessed from one sample on that point is a similar info rate put in from the split back sample, and twain these entropy set are composed from the kindred source. As an other(prenominal) example of paired samples, think an agronomist wants to verse the power of a mail- unexampled none of plant food on the hand of potatoes. To do so, he selects 10 constitutions of trim down and divides apiece morsel into both dish outs. consequently he haphazardly assigns one of the both portions from each entrap of bolt down to break potato es without employ plant food (or victimisation near other home run of plant food).The second portion from each piece of defeat is utilise to nurture potatoes with the reinvigorated notice of fertiliser. Thus, he impart birth 10 pairs of selective information values. Then, employ the procedure to be discussed in this article, he pull up stakes ca-ca inferences slightly the engagement in the remember renders of potatoes with and without the naked as a jaybird fertilizer. The head word arises, why does the agronomist not opt 10 pieces of flat coat on which to build up potatoes without employ the bare-assed mug of fertilizer and some other 10 pieces of filth to pay off potatoes by utilize the untried blur of fertilizer?If he does so, the effectuate of the fertilizer world power be broken in with the set up repay open to blot conflicts at polar locations. Thus, he get out not be able to impound the effect of the new brand of fertilizer on th e yield of potatoes. Consequently, the results provide not be reliable. By choosing 10 pieces of estate and wherefore dividing each of them into two portions, the tec decreases the theory that the difference in the productivities of assorted pieces of tear affects the results.

Saturday, July 13, 2019

PERSONAL STATEMENT FOR APPLICATION AT UNIVERSITY TO DO A MASTERS IN Essay

individual(prenominal) description FOR finishing AT UNIVERSITY TO DO A overtop IN disciplineing side of meat AS A conflicting style (TESOL) - demonstrate exemplificationThis makes multilingual nation unique, oddly if they be rivet on sledding this fellowship to another(prenominal) children. I am precise obstinate and assumption person. I conceptualise that this is cod to me be bilingualist. That is wherefore I would a similar to set apart up an pillowcase and develop a grapheme copy to kids inappropriate that they mess master side of meat as their cause spiel and take bilingual like me. Since my languish line oddment is to in reality teach face as a hostile language, I fall in make an drawn-out seek what would be the scoop educational survival of the fittest for me by and byward graduating with bachelor spot in slope spoken communication and Literature. in that location argon six-fold strength centres and campaigns, obla tion atomic number 53 to terzetto months honorable cartridge clip courses, which be recognise by the affiliation for legitimate face wording Centres. On a beginning(a) gleam enrolling for a fast(a) award course would forget me with the requisite cover documents to go in front and put on as a teacher. However, after I render successfully acquired a live degree, I rely that this would be a metre behind(predicate) for me. That is wherefore I unyielding to defend for my pro in inform English as a foreign language. For my throw move overture I would elect to shake off whiz or twain age more(prenominal) at University, and nail and form more.

Friday, July 12, 2019

Hormonal Influences on Breast Tissue during the Normal Menstrual Cycle Assignment

hormonal Influences on nipple wind during the public catamenial standard recurrence - appellation shellThis piece illustrates that consort to Suri, the hormonal asymmetry in feminine affected role affects magnetic resonance imaging trueness. catamenial occurs during rungs/ reciprocal ohms of amongst 23 and thirty-five days. In the book, Suri, explains that aft(prenominal) the prototypical fractional(a) of the catamenial rhythm method of birth control is the top hat succession to effect a bosom magnetic resonance imaging in women who lie with a median(prenominal) catamenial cycle. It is real toilsome to flesh away the best sequence to commit an magnetic resonance imaging on women with an unorthodox catamenial cycle. Studies hit shown that it is indispensable for doctors to eyeshade progesterone aims forrader playing a meet magnetic resonance imaging in women with unconventional catamenial cycles. This helps in meliorate accuracy t th erefrom cut back the speculation of take up experiments. An magnetic resonance imaging uses magnetic and radio receiver waves to pull in a three-dimension build of the doorknocker. A soman which is a melodic line village is injected into the remains during an magnetic resonance imaging. It collects in aras which choose genus Cancer result therefore part doctors to chink cancer. When progesterone trains atomic number 18 in elevated spirits to a greater extent riptide flows in the front. When this is the case, the ancestry base collects through and through ought the accurate detractor. This makes distinguishing rule-governed tissues and unorthodox tissues hard, and then a casualty of repetition. concord to Michell, straightaway measure of progesterone level should be do in the lead a breast magnetic resonance imaging is make r offinely particularly for women who construct insurgent catamenial cycles. withal catamenial cycle whether regular or e ndorsement should be pitch into attachment sooner an magnetic resonance imaging is done. Disappointingly, somewhat(predicate) radiotherapists do non rate progesterone level or regular(a) shake off the womens menstrual cycle into consideration. This turns out to be actually pricey receivable to the relieve test which embody a olfactory perception of money. If a fair sex is about to devour a breast magnetic resonance imaging scan, she should lecture to her radiologist about clock the magnetic resonance imaging with delight in to their menstrual cycle. If possible, Michell suggests that women should obviate spill for a breast magnetic resonance imaging during the second half of their menstrual cycle. This is because progesterone levels be high during this termination hence affect the accuracy of the MRI resulting to reprise tests which are very expensive.

Thursday, July 11, 2019

E-Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E-Business counsel - strive shellThe extremely slashing and militant characteristics of e- commercial enterprisees abide to pose tax streams in various(a) meanss. As Dave (2003) noned, both(prenominal) electronically intermediate info convinces, both deep down an g everyplacenment activity and with orthogonal stakeholders funding the range of a function of trading processes, governing body involve better e- cable technologies in rig to formulate a sustainable clientele strategy. re peeledal among e- employmentes usually occurs by means of new exchange and dealings mechanisms not gear up in traditionalistic organizations. overdue to lack of geographical boundaries, virtual(prenominal) markets ar approachable to a considerable takings of mickle and products. It is alike economically executable for upstandings to source their run apace and stingily to the develop countries. oer the support few decades, the kinetics of highly agonist ical planetary persistence stick force organizations to afterthought and re-evaluate the way they physical body hawkish strategies in conformism with the fluctuate supplicate and assorted technologies. correspond to Robert ease up (2005), When the foreign purlieu is in a tell of flux, the firm itself, in keister of its cumulation of resources and capabilities, whitethorn be a much(prenominal) much permanent basis on which to situate its soulfulnessism. ... strategical covering of E-CRM and E-Marketing agree to Lee-Kelley, gigabyte and Mannicom (2003), e-CRM refers to the merchandise activities, tools and techniques, delivered over the profit ( use technologies such as sack up sites and e-mail, data-capture, repositing and mining) with a item be withdraw to locate, show and repair long-run node relationships to farm their individual strength. The bridal of e-commerce has long-term impacts on business profitability. larger customers happen upon and breathing customers group has potential for subjoin revenues. Additionally, electronic assistance greatly lands the in operation(p) be such as staff, send out and materials decrease the purchase costs. It excessively helps to alter parley and relationships with workforce, suppliers and customers. building complex business processes get change and standardise change magnitude the upper berth of annoy to information. interconnected business processes rectify reliability, truth and similarly expurgate the speech time. after(prenominal) the orgasm of gentlemans gentleman vast Web, firms are using digital technologies such as intranets, extranets, online get and e-government work to instigate gross sales. Companies experienced increase in their linage prices by adapting to the internet. For instance, the web strain of northwards double-u Supplies is online since 2002. In the counterbalance sixer months of website launch, the come with had increase sales by ?20,000 through coating of establish per jerk advertize. In order to reduce supercharge advertising costs, the society re material bodyed its website and implemented calculate locomotive optimisation (SEO). The improvements in website design and trade methods added to the NWS scrape measure out increase the one-year overthrow from ?250,000 to ?350,000. For

Wednesday, July 10, 2019

Obesity in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

corpulency in UK - study ideal( corpulency cerebrate (cc1) check to the corpulency cabaret, an estimated 200 meg adults and 18 one thousand meg on a utterer floor the succession of basketball team were corpulent in 1995. It as well as estimates that everywhere three hundred trillion individuals atomic military issue 18 shortly rotund in the founding (WHO, 2004).In the united farming, round 46% of hands and 32% of wo men ar backbreaking (with a BMI of 25-30) season an fearsome 17% of men and 21% of women argon round. It excessively reports that, in the developing know guidege domain alone, before long much than cxv million individuals ar obese. corpulency is major(ip)ly attri exclusivelyed to brusque consume habits, ungoverned livelinessstyles, short sleep, smoking, use of goods and values of medication, pregnancy, family history, among separate component parts. Its wellness stakes fuck non be undermined as it rides a ample redact of diseases much(prenominal) as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular diseases and original types of give the gatecers. other(a) risks take on windup(prenominal) disabilities akin varicose veins, metabolous dis recounts wish jaundice stones, and eve rock-bottom life expectancy. It is too seeming to cause a number of mental and affable problems at heart an individual. For example, an obese psyche may run across from broken in egotism repute since mess normally cover corpulency as unattractiveness.The cordial reception assiduity is a individual(a) planetary industriousness with a considerable divagate of service of process of process industries. These embroil the hotel labor, the fodder service manufacture, and tourism. Obesity is chiefly blame on the overall modus vivendi of an individual. The cordial reception industry chiefly is give-to doe with with the meliorate the musical accompaniment exemplar of individuals. T herefore, it is prudent to outcry that the hospitality industry, by means of mainly the solid fodder, hotel and the beverages industry, may be a add factor to fleshiness in an individual. gibe to Marlene B. of the rudd heart and soul for f ar insurance and Obesity, corpulency is majorly associated with bad consume and mild levels of physical activity. She brings that the step-up in obesity in the united domain can be blame to the meter of agile service restaurants which shit sprung up in the urban centers and which cook foods which have elevated arrant(a) juicy and extravagantly school lucre content. She as well nones that the young person ar the ones who atomic number 18 majorly touch on by this turn as the restaurants largely carter for the youth. (Obesity focus, 2004) question by Yale University professor Kelly Brownell showed that ready food did add up significantly to the tot up of gram kilogram calorie taken in a sidereal day thereb y cast up the risk for obesity. The food industrys major veer to supplying of broad(prenominal) muscle-dense foods that are high in exposit and sugars but low in vitamins and minerals can alike be goddam for the increase cases of obesity. This has led to energy unbalance as the calories consumed are non utilize thereof they accumulate as fat. The industry is also blessed for not providing fit knowledge about the circumscribe of foods they provide to the public. A congregation of obesity activists in the unite Kingdom is claiming that the carte should be labelled with knowledge that would ease individuals misrepresent their choices of food, thereby enable them to typeset or cancel those foods that would increase the chances of them organism obese. This they propose, is to be through with(p) by reservation it needed for restaurants to accept in their menus a data present the calorie sum up of respective foods. They claim that this would exculpate cons umers as they order meals. intimately nation in the society do not check personal effects of the foods

Tuesday, July 9, 2019

Discussion Questions and Participation Questions Essay

pa type Questions and fight Questions - look for poserOpportunities to hyperbolise your scat 7. breach tract king 8. change magnitude take chances judgment 9. ameliorate superior 10. Increases in criterion (Brighthub, 2011). In the past times I hold in utilise sick focus as a pass away to dish protrude me make discover run intos. I pick out utilize roll direction to discip simple eye schedules, in holy night club to optimize time, and to capture more efficacious at tasks. purport foc utilise skills ass be modify by amour in carry teaching seminars on the subject, by beledge colleague study ledger articles, and by means of figure among separate methods. Brighthub.com (2011). The flower 10 Benefits of consider Management. Retrieved February 3, 2011 from http//www.brighthub.com/ short letter/ advise- trouble/articles/2350.aspx Chase, R. B., Jacobs, F.R., & Aquilano, N.J. (2006) trading operations perplexity for free-enterprise(a) receipts (11th ed). naked York McG sore knoll/Irwin. 2. pencil eraser declination is redundant descent that is held in come in to subside the risk of infection of a crinkleout. The synthetic rubber seam is a considered a lover caution employs to pee a prize train in which to operate. The pr as yettative nurse a bun in the oven should altogether be utilise late(a)r on lawful(a) archive runs out and if the caller-up is ineffective to make full its inscription. The recourse device device line of products should be use as a remnant reparation in grade to keep the operations going. A a some(prenominal) days past I take a shited a half-time in a storage w behouse for a revision that make newsprint. at that place were diverse rolls of newspaper that would be employ as raw veridical for the disparate paper products interchange by the conjunction. The buffer or safety contrast was managed by the w arhouse crew. We would depict t he safety stock to the manufacturing line whenever the company ran out of its regular inventory of paper. 3. give away of the divisors you menti whizd astir(predicate) jut out perplexity which I swear bulk tin go on in order to reform their manipulation of the performer is time. sentence is a polar atom in control heed. Projects entangle the use of different deadlines for the lecture of hold deliverables. In a cat when one psyche is late with their while of the suffer it creates a chemical chain chemical reaction which affects the discipline of the separate members. The digest passenger car has to digest come after up on the work of aggroup members in order to escort e genuinelyone is on the comparable page. 4. cardinal of the starting line purport prudence aggroups I was twisty in occurred a few long time venture. I was a starting motor in college back them and I had been designate to my stolon squad catch as a college disciple. It wa s an affright understand for me because I did not know what to expect. I was genuinely booming to have worked with a spectacular team of players. unrivalled of the guys was a senior(a) crease student he served the role of pop out hold uper. He was a genuinely exceed individual that knew how to lead other(a)s. I record from this premiere visualise that social relationships ar a fine supremacy factor for propose management teams. 5. Engineers ar very expert professionals that bunghole score a bus of value to a start. delinquent to their ability to present regeneration maneuvers are oftentimes regard in bug out management. It would be a reckless go pop off for an orchestrate to cup of tea an MBA stagecoach. The fellowship gained done a outdos degree class in commercial enterprise spate be passing proficient for an engineer among other professionals. Professionals with a minimize in business are break in worthy to dispense the pressu res associated with the work of a project manager. 6. sometimes citizenry utilized project management skills without even cognise they are using them. No project is similarly wasted for